The Srivijaya Empire
Timeline: L'Uniona Homanus
OTL equivalent: Southeast Asia and Indonesian Islands
Posted By Drs. H. mutawalli Malik, M.Pdi

http://kerajaan-srivijaya.blogspot.com/ e-mail: muutawalli@gmail.com twitter: @muutawalli The Kingdom of Srivijaya

Posted By Drs. Mutawalli,M.Pd.I
Many theories attempt to explain the name of this temple. One of them states that the name is probably derived from the word Sambharabhudhara, which means mountain (bhudara) where the slopes are located terraces. In addition there are some other popular etymologies. For example borobudur word comes from the word the Buddha is due to alignment pronounced became borobudur. Another explanation is that the name derives from the two words bara and the beduhur. The word bara supposedly comes from the word temple, while there is also another explanation in which the bara is derived from Sanskrit which means temple or monastery complex and beduhur meaning is high, or to remind the Balinese language means above. So the intention is a monastery or a dormitory in the high ground.
Historians J.G. de Casparis in his dissertation to obtain his doctorate in 1950 argued that Borobudur is a place of worship. Based on the inscription Karangtengah and Kahulunan, Casparis predicted the founder of Borobudur is the king of Mataram from Sailendra dynasty called Samaratungga, who did this construction around the year 824 AD. The new giant buildings can be completed at the time of her daughter, Queen Pramudawardhani. Borobudur development is expected for half a century. In the Karangtengah inscription mentioned the granting of land sima (tax-free land) by Cri Kahulunan (Pramudawardhani) to maintain Kamūlān called Bhūmisambhāra. The term Kamūlān comes from the word alpha which means place of origin, the shrine to honor the ancestors (possibly the ancestors of the dynasty Sailendra). Casparis estimates that Bhumi Sambhara Bhudhāra in Sanskrit which means a hill set of ten levels boddhisattwa virtue was the original name of Borobudur.
Borobudur Structure
Borobudur temple shaped like a ladder consisting of six levels of a square, three-level circular and a circular main stupa as a peak. Also spread some of the stupa at all levels.
At the tenth level of the Borobudur temple clearly illustrates Mahayana philosophy. Like a book, Borobudur describes ten Bodhisattva levels to go to achieve perfection became the Buddha.On the basis section of Borobudur Temple symbolizes Kamadhatu, the world is still dominated by the kama" or low desire. This section is mostly covered by a pile of stone that allegedly made to strengthen the construction of the temple. In the closed structures have an additional 120 panels story of Kammawibhangga. A small portion was made a separate structure so that people can still see the relief in this section.
Four floors with walls that have relief on it by the experts called "Rupadhatu". The floor is rectangular. "Rupadhatu" is a world that is able to break free from lust, but is still bound by the appearance and shape. This level represents the nature of that is, between nature and the natural bottom up. In Rupadhatu, there are Buddha statues in niches above ballustrade wall or hallway. In the fifth to the seventh floor of the temple wall was no relief. This level is called Arupadhatu (which means no tangible form or not). Floor plan on the Arupadhatu is circular. This level represents the nature of, where people are free from all desires and the bond forms and shapes, but have not reached nirvana. Buddha statues are placed in the stupa covered with holes as in a cage. From outside the statues were still dim.
The highest level that describes the absence of being was represented by the largest and the highest stupa. This stupa described as plain with no holes. Inside the biggest stupa, ever found Buddha statue that is not perfect or also known as unfinished Buddha, who incorrectly interpret as Adibuddha statue, but through further research there has never been a statue at the main stupa, which was not completed sculpture was a mistake on the ancient sculptors. According to the belief that the statue is not appropriate, in the manufacturing process are not destroyed. Archaeological excavations conducted in this temple this page to find a lot of statues like this.
In the past, several statues of Buddha along with the 30 stone reliefs, two lions, a few stone-shaped "when", stairs and gates are sent to the King of Thailand, Chulalongkorn, who visited the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) in 1896 as a gift from "the government Dutch East Indies at that time.
Borobudur has no worship spaces like the other temples. There are long hallways that resembled a narrow street. The hallways surrounding the walled temple level by level. In these corridors, Buddhist expected to do a temple walk around ceremonial to the right. The shape of the building, without room and terraced structure is expected the development of the form ladder-shaped punden, which is the original architectural form of the Indonesia prehistoric.
Borobudur structure when viewed from above form Mandala structure. Borobudur structure does not use cement at all, but the Interlock system is like Lego blocks that can be attached without glue.
In accordance with the symbolic meaning of the foot of the temple, reliefs on stone-covered walls depict the law of karma. Rows of relief are not a serial story but in each frame was describes a story that has a causal correlation. Relief is not only give you an idea of human moral turpitude accompanied by penalties that will be obtained, but also the human good deeds and reward will be given. On the whole the story is a portrayal of human life in the circle of birth - life - death (samsara) that never ends, and with Buddhism - the chain will be terminated for to perfection.
Jataka tales are stories of the Buddha before he was born as Prince Siddharta. Protrusion of the contents is the subject of good works, which distinguishes the Bodhisattvas of other human beings. Indeed, the collection service / good deed is a preparation stage in the level of effort towards the Buddhahood.
The first stagePosted By Drs. H.Mutawalli,M.Pd.I
Posted By Drs.Mutawalli,M.Pd.I

